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Trapping & Control of Beavers
Beaver Removal Atlanta
Beavers are quite industrious creatures, however they flood timber by damming culverts, and creating substantial dams. This creates extensive damage, because the creatures tend to take trees down that are ornamental in homeowners yards they become a nuisance.
Beaver Biology
Informative information on Beavers
The beaver (Castor Canadensis) is North America’s largest rodent. Adult beavers typically weigh 45 to 60 pounds, but have been known to grow to 100 pounds. Native Americans greatly respected beavers, calling them “Little People”. Beavers and humans are alike in their ability to greatly alter their habitats to suit their own needs.
To obtain food and building materials, beavers are well known for their ability to topple large trees using nothing but their specially adapted incisor teeth and powerful lower jaw muscles. Beaver teeth never stop growing, so they do not become too worn despite years of chewing hardwoods. Their four front teeth (incisors) are self-sharpening due to hard orange enamel on the front of the tooth and a softer dentin on the back. Therefore as beavers chew wood the softer backside of the tooth wears faster, creating a chisel-like cutting surface.
The beaver’s most distinctive feature is their large flat tail, which serves as a rudder when swimming, a prop when sitting or standing upright, and a storehouse of fat for the winter. Beavers will also slap their tail on the surface of the water as a danger warning to other beavers or sometimes in play. They do not use it to carry mud.
Beavers are aquatic mammals with large webbed hind feet ideal for swimming, and hand-like front paws that allow them to manipulate objects with great dexterity. They have excellent senses of hearing and smell, and rely on these senses more than their less developed sense of eyesight. When swimming underwater a protective transparent membrane will cover their eyes, and flaps close to keep water out of their nostrils and ears. In addition, behind their incisors they have inner lips that allow them to carry sticks in their mouths while swimming without getting a mouthful of water.
Beaver fur consists of short fine hairs for warmth and longer hairs for waterproofing. They need to groom their fur daily to keep it waterproof, and frequently groom each other’s fur. They have castor glands on the under side of their abdomen from which they can excrete an oily substance (castor) that they use in the grooming process, and to mark their territory.
Beaver Lodge
Where Do Beavers live?
A beaver lodge is a remarkable structure built by beavers for shelter, protection, and raising their young. Here are some key features and aspects of a beaver lodge:
1. **Construction**: Beaver lodges are typically constructed from a combination of materials including sticks, branches, mud, and vegetation. The lodge is built in shallow water near the shore of a pond, lake, or stream.
2. **Design**: The lodge is usually dome-shaped and can vary in size depending on the number of inhabitants. It typically has multiple entrances, including underwater entrances, which provide access to the lodge while submerged.
3. **Function**: The lodge serves several purposes for the beaver family. It provides protection from predators such as wolves, bears, and coyotes. The lodge also provides insulation against cold temperatures during the winter months, helping to maintain a stable internal environment.
4. **Interior**: Inside the lodge, there are chambers and tunnels where the beavers rest, groom, and care for their young. The lodge may have a dry nesting chamber above the waterline where the beavers sleep and raise their kits.
5. **Maintenance**: Beavers continuously maintain and repair their lodges, adding fresh mud and vegetation to the exterior to reinforce its structure and maintain its waterproofing properties.
6. **Winter Habitation**: During the winter, beavers spend much of their time inside the lodge, relying on stored food and fat reserves. They access the lodge through underwater entrances, which remain ice-free due to the insulating properties of the water.
7. **Social Structure**: Beaver lodges are typically occupied by a family group consisting of a mated pair and their offspring. Family members cooperate in the construction, maintenance, and defense of the lodge.
Overall, the beaver lodge is a fascinating example of animal architecture and adaptation, allowing beavers to thrive in their aquatic habitats.
Beaver Bank Den
When beavers cannot always construct a stick lodge
A beaver bank den, also known as a burrow or bank lodge, is another type of shelter constructed by beavers in addition to the traditional lodge. Here are some key aspects of a beaver bank den:
1. **Location**: Unlike the traditional lodge, which is built in shallow water near the shore of a pond, lake, or stream, the bank den is constructed into the bank of a water body. Beavers excavate tunnels into the bank, creating chambers for shelter.
2. **Design**: The bank den consists of a system of tunnels and chambers dug into the bank of the water body. The entrance to the den is typically underwater, providing access to the den while submerged.
3. **Function**: Similar to the lodge, the bank den provides protection from predators and insulation against cold temperatures. Beavers may use the bank den as an alternative or supplementary shelter to the lodge, particularly in areas where suitable lodge-building materials are scarce.
4. **Interior**: Inside the bank den, there are chambers where the beavers rest, groom, and care for their young. The den may have multiple entrances and exits to allow for easy access and escape.
5. **Maintenance**: Beavers continuously maintain and repair their bank dens, clearing debris from entrances and reinforcing the tunnels with fresh mud and vegetation.
6. **Social Structure**: Like the lodge, the bank den is typically occupied by a family group consisting of a mated pair and their offspring. Family members cooperate in the construction, maintenance, and defense of the den.
Overall, the beaver bank den provides another example of the adaptability and resourcefulness of beavers in creating suitable habitats in their aquatic environments.
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Beaver Damage
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Beaver damage refers to the negative impacts caused by beavers on human property, infrastructure, and natural habitats. While beavers play an important ecological role in creating and maintaining wetland ecosystems, their activities can sometimes conflict with human interests. Some examples of beaver damage include:
1. **Tree Damage**: Beavers are well-known for their ability to fell trees using their powerful incisor teeth. This can lead to damage to timber resources, landscaping trees, and forests, particularly in areas where beavers are abundant.
2. **Flooding**: Beavers build dams to create ponds for protection and to provide easy access to food. While these dams can benefit wetland ecosystems, they can also cause flooding of roads, agricultural fields, and residential properties, leading to property damage and economic losses.
3. **Clogging of Culverts and Drainage Systems**: Beavers may build dams in culverts, pipes, and drainage ditches, leading to the obstruction of water flow and potential flooding of roads and infrastructure.
4. **Erosion**: Beaver activity, such as dam-building and burrowing, can contribute to soil erosion along water bodies, which can destabilize banks and lead to habitat degradation.
5. **Property Damage**: Beavers may gnaw on wooden structures such as docks, fences, and buildings, causing damage to property and infrastructure.
6. **Crop Damage**: In agricultural areas, beavers may feed on crops such as corn and soybeans, leading to crop damage and economic losses for farmers.
7. **Water Quality Issues**: Beaver dams can alter the flow of water in streams and rivers, leading to changes in water temperature, sedimentation, and nutrient levels, which can impact water quality and aquatic habitats.
Trapping & Control Of Beavers
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Beaver Dam Removal
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There are several methods for removing beaver dams, depending on the situation and the goals of the removal:
1. Manual removal: This involves physically dismantling the dam using hand tools such as shovels, axes, or saws. It can be labor-intensive but may be effective for smaller dams or in areas where heavy machinery cannot access.
2. Mechanical removal: Heavy machinery such as excavators or backhoes can be used to remove larger beaver dams more efficiently. This method is often used for larger dams or in situations where manual removal is impractical.
3. Water flow management: Installing devices such as beaver deceivers or beaver bafflers can help regulate water flow through the dam while allowing beavers to continue building and maintaining their habitat. These devices can redirect water to prevent flooding while minimizing the need for dam removal.
4. Trapping and relocation: In some cases, trapping and relocating beavers may be necessary, especially if they continue to rebuild dams in problematic locations. This method requires permits and should be carried out by trained professionals to minimize stress and ensure the welfare of the animals.
5. Habitat modification: Altering the surrounding landscape or installing deterrents such as fencing or tree wrapping can discourage beavers from building dams in certain areas without the need for direct removal.